Anailil

Operation-Sensitive Personnel: The Invisible Pillar of Aviation

When we think about the aviation industry, the image that often comes to mind is that of a pilot in the cockpit or a flight attendant giving safety instructions. However, behind every successful flight lies a complex and coordinated network of professionals who, though not always visible to passengers and without holding aeronautical licenses, are […]

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Performance-Based Navigation (PBN)

Performance-Based Navigation (PBN) is a modern aviation concept that utilizes advanced navigation systems to guide aircraft more precisely and efficiently. Unlike traditional methods that rely on fixed routes and ground-based aids, PBN allows aircraft to follow more flexible and direct paths, optimizing airspace use and enhancing operational efficiency. ​ PBN is implemented through two main

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Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum (RVSM)

Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum (RVSM) is a fundamental concept in modern aviation. It refers to the reduction of the required vertical separation between two aircraft, decreasing from the traditional 2,000 feet (600 meters) to 1,000 feet (300 meters) in specific segments of airspace—specifically between flight levels FL290 and FL410 (29,000 to 41,000 feet). Origins and

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ETOPS/EDTO: Extended-range Twin Engine Operation Performance Standards

Definition The acronym ETOPS stands for “Extended-range Twin Engine Operation Performance Standards”, while EDTO refers to “Extended Diversion Time Operations”. Both terms refer to a set of standards that allow twin-engine aircraft to operate beyond 60 minutes from the nearest alternate airport, ensuring that in the event of an engine failure, the aircraft can safely

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